Maintaining UHV conditions presents several challenges:
- Material Outgassing: Many materials release gases when exposed to vacuum, which can contaminate the environment. - Leaks: Even microscopic leaks can compromise UHV conditions, necessitating rigorous sealing and testing. - Pump Performance: The efficiency of vacuum pumps can degrade over time, requiring regular maintenance and calibration. - Surface Cleanliness: Ensuring that all surfaces within the chamber are clean and free of contaminants is a constant challenge.
