How Are Thermal Gradients Measured at the Nanoscale?
Measuring thermal gradients at the nanoscale involves advanced techniques such as:
Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM): A technique that uses a thermal probe to measure temperature variations with high spatial resolution. Time-Domain Thermoreflectance (TDTR): A method that uses ultrafast laser pulses to measure thermal properties. Raman Spectroscopy: An optical technique that can provide temperature distribution data based on the Raman shift.
