Nanoparticles are cleared from the body through several biological pathways, including:
Renal Clearance: Small nanoparticles ( Hepatobiliary Clearance: Larger nanoparticles are processed by the liver and excreted into the bile, eventually leaving the body through feces. Phagocytosis: Immune cells, such as macrophages, engulf and digest nanoparticles, which are then eliminated. Endocytosis: Cells internalize nanoparticles, which are then transported to lysosomes for degradation.
