The synthesis of nanohydrogels can be achieved through multiple methods such as emulsion polymerization, nanoprecipitation, and self-assembly. In emulsion polymerization, monomers are dispersed in a water-in-oil emulsion and polymerized to form nanoparticles. Nanoprecipitation involves the precipitation of polymers from a solution, while self-assembly uses the intrinsic properties of polymers to form nanohydrogels under specific conditions.