Can Nanoparticles Be Designed to Minimize Immunotoxicity?
Yes, nanoparticles can be engineered to minimize immunotoxicity. Surface modification techniques, such as coating nanoparticles with [biocompatible polymers]() like polyethylene glycol (PEG), can reduce their recognition by the immune system. Additionally, the size and shape of nanoparticles can be tailored to reduce their potential for causing immunotoxic effects. These design strategies are part of an emerging field known as “safe-by-design” nanotechnology.
