Several types of surface interactions are crucial in nanotechnology:
Van der Waals Forces: Weak interactions due to temporary dipoles in atoms and molecules. Electrostatic Forces: Interactions between charged particles, including ionic and dipole-dipole interactions. Covalent Bonding: Strong interactions involving the sharing of electrons between atoms. Hydrogen Bonding: Special case of dipole-dipole interactions involving hydrogen atoms. Capillary Forces: Forces arising due to the interaction of liquid interfaces with solid surfaces.
