Several types of nanoparticles are utilized in photothermal therapy:
1. Gold Nanoparticles: Known for their excellent biocompatibility and strong plasmonic properties, gold nanoparticles are among the most commonly used. They can absorb near-infrared (NIR) light and convert it into heat efficiently.
2. Carbon-based Nanomaterials: Materials like carbon nanotubes and graphene have high thermal conductivity and robust light absorption characteristics, making them suitable for PTT.
3. Silica-coated Nanoparticles: These particles can be tailored to enhance their stability and biocompatibility while maintaining efficient photothermal conversion.
4. Magnetic Nanoparticles: These can be guided to tumor sites using external magnetic fields, increasing the precision of the therapy.
