What types of nanoparticles are used for this purpose?
Several types of nanoparticles have been studied for their antimicrobial properties, including:
1. Silver Nanoparticles: Known for their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, they can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage microbial cell membranes. 2. Gold Nanoparticles: These particles can be functionalized with antimicrobial peptides to enhance their effectiveness. 3. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Effective against a range of bacteria and fungi, they disrupt cell membranes through oxidative stress. 4. Carbon Nanotubes: Their needle-like structure can penetrate and disrupt cell membranes.
