The [National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)](href) is a U.S. government program established in 2000 to coordinate federal nanotechnology research and development. The NNI involves multiple federal agencies, including the [National Science Foundation (NSF)](href), the [National Institutes of Health (NIH)](href), and the [Department of Defense (DoD)](href). It aims to ensure that the United States remains a global leader in nanotechnology.