Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are a class of nanoparticles that can be manipulated using magnetic fields. These particles typically range in size from 1 to 100 nanometers and exhibit unique magnetic properties due to their small size and high surface area-to-volume ratio. MNPs are commonly made from iron oxides such as magnetite (Fe3O4) and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3), though other materials like cobalt and nickel are also used.
