Several factors contribute to sample damage in nanotechnology:
Electron Beam Exposure: Techniques like electron microscopy involve the use of high-energy electron beams, which can cause significant damage to delicate nanostructures. Mechanical Stress: Manipulation using atomic force microscopy or other mechanical probes can induce stress, leading to deformation or fracture of nanomaterials. Thermal Effects: Localized heating during processing or analysis can change the morphology or phase of nanomaterials. Chemical Reactions: Unintended chemical reactions with the environment or processing chemicals can alter the composition and structure of nanomaterials.
