What Are the Types of Nanoparticles Used in Vaccines?
Several types of nanoparticles are employed in vaccine development:
Lipid Nanoparticles: These are used in mRNA vaccines, such as the COVID-19 vaccines by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna. Polymeric Nanoparticles: These offer stability and can be engineered to control the release of antigens. Inorganic Nanoparticles: Gold and silica nanoparticles can be used for their adjuvant properties, enhancing the immune response. Virus-like Particles (VLPs): These mimic the structure of viruses without containing viral genetic material, providing a safe and effective way to stimulate the immune system.
