What are the Types of Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors?
1. Electrochemical Biosensors: These utilize nanomaterials to enhance electron transfer between biological elements and electrodes. For instance, gold nanoparticles can be functionalized to detect glucose levels in blood.
2. Optical Biosensors: These sensors use nanomaterials to modulate light signals. Quantum dots are often employed for their bright fluorescence and photostability, which enable highly sensitive detection of biomolecules.
3. Magnetic Biosensors: Magnetic nanoparticles can be used to label target molecules, making it easier to detect them through magnetic field changes. This is particularly useful in detecting pathogens in medical diagnostics.
