Several methods are employed for covalent synthesis in nanotechnology:
1. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): CVD is widely used to produce carbon nanotubes and other nanomaterials. It involves the decomposition of a precursor gas to form a thin film of material on a substrate.
2. Sol-Gel Process: This method involves the transition of a system from a colloidal solution (sol) to a solid (gel) phase. It is useful for creating nanoparticles and thin films.
3. Self-Assembly: Molecules spontaneously organize into stable, well-defined structures through covalent bonding. This approach is highly effective for creating molecular nanostructures.
