The mechanisms of molecular recognition involve several types of non-covalent interactions:
Hydrogen Bonding: A type of attractive interaction between a hydrogen atom, which is covalently bonded to a more electronegative atom, and another electronegative atom. Electrostatic Interactions: These arise from the attraction between oppositely charged ions or molecules. Van der Waals Forces: These are weak intermolecular forces arising from induced electrical interactions between closely spaced atoms or molecules. Hydrophobic Effects: These occur when non-polar molecules aggregate in an aqueous solution to minimize their exposure to water. π-π Interactions: These occur between aromatic rings due to the overlap of π-electron clouds.
