Despite its revolutionary capabilities, the STM has some limitations:
1. Conductive Samples: The STM requires the sample to be conductive or at least semi-conductive, limiting its application to non-conductive materials.
2. Environmental Sensitivity: The STM is highly sensitive to vibrations and environmental conditions, necessitating a stable and controlled environment for accurate measurements.
3. Surface Preparation: The sample surface must be extremely clean and well-prepared, which can be a challenging and time-consuming process.
