What are the Key Techniques in Nanoscale Fabrication?
Several techniques are pivotal in nanoscale fabrication, including:
Lithography: A process used to pattern parts of a thin film or the bulk of a substrate. Techniques like electron-beam lithography and photolithography are common in fabricating nano-devices. Self-Assembly: This technique involves the spontaneous organization of molecules into structured arrangements without human intervention. It is often used in creating complex nanostructures. Focused Ion Beam (FIB) Milling: A method that involves using a focused beam of ions to etch or deposit materials at the nanoscale. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): A process used to produce high-quality, high-performance solid materials, typically under vacuum. Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD): A thin-film deposition technique that relies on the sequential use of a gas phase chemical process.
