Several key phenomena are crucial to understanding nanoscale physics:
Quantum Confinement: When the dimensions of a material are reduced to the nanoscale, the motion of electrons is confined to small spaces, leading to discrete energy levels and altered electronic properties. Surface Plasmon Resonance: This phenomenon occurs when electrons on the surface of metallic nanoparticles oscillate in resonance with incident light, resulting in unique optical properties. Tunneling: At the nanoscale, particles can pass through energy barriers that would be insurmountable at larger scales due to quantum mechanical effects.
