Nanoparticle coatings refer to thin layers of nanoparticles applied to a substrate to enhance its properties. These coatings leverage the unique physical, chemical, and mechanical characteristics of nanoparticles, such as their high surface area and quantum effects, to provide functionalities that are not achievable with conventional materials. Commonly used in industries ranging from healthcare to electronics, nanoparticle coatings offer significant advantages in terms of durability, chemical resistance, and optical properties.