Defects in nanomaterials refer to the deviations from the ideal atomic or molecular arrangement. These can be classified into several types:
Point Defects: These include vacancies (missing atoms) and interstitials (extra atoms positioned at non-lattice sites). Line Defects: Known as dislocations, these are linear imperfections that can influence the mechanical strength of materials. Surface Defects: These occur at the surface and can affect the material's reactivity and electronic properties. Volume Defects: These include voids or clusters of atoms that can alter the bulk properties of nanomaterials.
