A Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) is a state of matter formed by bosons cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero (0 Kelvin or -273.15°C). Under such conditions, a large fraction of the bosons occupy the lowest quantum state, causing quantum effects to become apparent on a macroscopic scale. This phenomenon was first predicted by Albert Einstein and Satyendra Nath Bose in the early 20th century.
