Stability in nanocatalysts is crucial for their practical application. Several strategies are employed to enhance the stability of these materials:
1. Support Materials: Nanoparticles are often dispersed on support materials like carbon, silica, or alumina. These supports provide structural stability and prevent agglomeration of nanoparticles, which can lead to a loss of catalytic activity.
2. Core-Shell Structures: Creating core-shell nanostructures can protect the active core material from environmental degradation while maintaining high activity. For instance, a noble metal core can be coated with a thin oxide shell to enhance stability.
3. Surface Modification: Functionalizing the surface of nanoparticles with ligands or polymers can prevent oxidation, sintering, and leaching, thereby improving their stability under harsh reaction conditions.
