ITO plays a crucial role in nanotechnology through its application in thin-film transistors (TFTs), displays, and flexible electronics. Nanotechnology leverages the nanoscale properties of ITO to improve the performance and efficiency of these devices. For instance, in nanoelectronics, ITO nanoparticles are used to create highly conductive and transparent coatings, which are integral in manufacturing modern touchscreens and OLEDs.