Several assays and techniques are used to assess the cellular toxicity of nanoparticles:
MTT Assay: Measures cell viability based on mitochondrial activity. Flow Cytometry: Analyzes cell size, granularity, and protein expression to detect cell health. Comet Assay: Detects DNA damage at the single-cell level. Oxidative Stress Assays: Measure levels of ROS and antioxidant defenses.
