Controlling nanomaterials requires advanced techniques and tools. Here are some common methods:
Self-assembly: This process involves molecules autonomously organizing into structured arrangements. By manipulating conditions such as temperature and pH, researchers can guide the formation of desired structures. Lithography techniques: These are used to pattern nanoscale features on surfaces. Electron-beam lithography and photolithography are common methods, enabling the creation of intricate nanoscale patterns. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD): CVD is a process used to produce high-purity, high-performance solid materials. It involves chemical reactions that deposit materials in thin films on substrates. Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE): MBE is a method for depositing single crystals. It allows for precise control over the thickness and composition of the layers, essential for applications like semiconductor devices.
