How Do Nanoparticles Improve Diagnostic Sensitivity and Specificity?
Nanoparticles can significantly enhance the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostics due to their ability to be engineered with specific surface chemistries and functionalities. For example, gold nanoparticles can be coated with antibodies that target specific biomarkers, enabling the precise detection of diseases at very low concentrations. Additionally, the optical and electronic properties of nanoparticles can be tuned to produce strong signals in diagnostic assays.
