In aquatic environments, nanoparticles can affect organisms such as fish, algae, and invertebrates. For instance, silver nanoparticles, widely used for their antibacterial properties, can be toxic to aquatic organisms. They can inhibit photosynthesis in algae and cause gill inflammation in fish. The bioaccumulation of nanoparticles in aquatic food chains is another concern, potentially affecting higher trophic levels, including humans.
