Nanomaterials can interact with cells in various ways, including:
Cell Membrane Interaction: Nanomaterials can adhere to or penetrate the cell membrane, leading to potential cytotoxic effects. Endocytosis: Cells can internalize nanomaterials via endocytosis, which can then interact with intracellular components. Protein Corona Formation: Once in a biological environment, nanomaterials can adsorb proteins to form a "protein corona," which influences their biological interactions.
