Perovskite solar cells have gained significant attention because they offer high power conversion efficiencies at potentially lower production costs. The [efficiency]() of perovskite solar cells has rapidly increased over the past decade, surpassing traditional silicon-based solar cells in some cases. Their ability to be processed using solution-based techniques makes them attractive for scalable and cost-effective manufacturing. Additionally, perovskite materials can be engineered to absorb a wide spectrum of [sunlight](), enhancing their effectiveness as photovoltaic materials.