Nanotechnology significantly enhances the functionality of DNA probes. Nanomaterials can improve the sensitivity, specificity, and stability of these probes. For instance, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are often used because they can quench fluorescence, making them valuable in fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) applications. Additionally, the high surface-area-to-volume ratio of nanomaterials allows for the attachment of multiple probe molecules, increasing the efficiency of target detection.
