Micro cryocoolers operate on principles similar to those of conventional cryogenic coolers, but they are miniaturized to serve specific applications. The most common types include thermoelectric coolers and Joule-Thomson coolers. Thermoelectric coolers use the Peltier effect to pump heat away from a surface, while Joule-Thomson coolers rely on gas expansion to achieve cooling. Both types are engineered to function efficiently at nanoscale dimensions.
