There are various methods for synthesizing hybrid nanoparticles, including:
Sol-gel method: Involves the transition of a system from a liquid "sol" into a solid "gel" phase. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): A chemical process used to produce high-purity, high-performance solid materials. Hydrothermal synthesis: A method involving chemical reactions in aqueous solutions at high temperatures and pressures. Laser ablation: Involves the removal of material from a solid (or occasionally liquid) surface by irradiating it with a laser beam.