Several methods have been developed to synthesize 2D materials. The most common techniques include:
1. Mechanical Exfoliation: This method involves the peeling of layers from bulk materials using adhesive tape. It's the technique that led to the discovery of graphene. 2. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): CVD is a widely used process where gaseous reactants form a solid material on a substrate. It's suitable for producing large-area crystalline films of 2D materials. 3. Liquid-Phase Exfoliation: This technique involves dispersing bulk materials in a solvent and applying ultrasonic energy to separate the layers. 4. Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE): MBE is a highly controlled process where atomic layers are deposited on a substrate under ultra-high vacuum conditions.
