Access to these specialized tools is limited due to several factors. First, the high cost of acquisition and maintenance makes it difficult for many institutions, especially smaller universities and research centers, to afford them. Second, the complexity of these tools requires highly trained personnel to operate and maintain them, further restricting access to well-funded and well-staffed facilities. Lastly, geographical distribution can be an issue, as not all regions have the infrastructure or resources to support advanced nanotechnology labs.
