Key players in research networks for nanotechnology include: 1. Academic Institutions: Universities and research institutes that conduct fundamental and applied research. 2. Government Agencies: Bodies like the [National Science Foundation (NSF)](#) and the [National Institutes of Health (NIH)](#) that provide funding and regulatory support. 3. Industry Partners: Companies that develop and commercialize nanotechnology-based products. 4. Non-Profit Organizations: Entities such as [The Foresight Institute](#) that advocate for and fund nanotechnology research.