1. Metals and Metal Oxides: Materials like gold, silver, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide are frequently used due to their excellent conductive, catalytic, and optical properties. 2. Carbon-based Materials: Graphene, carbon nanotubes, and fullerenes are prized for their strength, flexibility, and electrical conductivity. 3. Polymers: These are used for their versatility and ability to form nanoscale structures. 4. Semiconductors: Silicon and germanium are critical for applications in nanoelectronics.
