1. Quantum Dots: These are semiconductor particles that can be tuned to absorb specific wavelengths of light, improving the efficiency of solar cells. 2. Perovskites: Known for their excellent light absorption and charge-carrier properties, perovskites are emerging as a leading material in next-generation solar cells. 3. Carbon Nanotubes: These materials can improve the electrical conductivity and mechanical strength of solar cells. 4. Graphene: This single layer of carbon atoms is used for its high electrical conductivity and flexibility.
