What Types of Inflammatory Response Assays are Used?
Several types of inflammatory response assays are commonly employed in nanotechnology research:
1. In Vitro Assays: These are cell-based assays that measure the release of inflammatory markers from cultured immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, or monocytes, upon exposure to nanomaterials. Common markers include TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. 2. In Vivo Assays: These involve animal models to study the systemic inflammatory response to nanomaterials. Commonly used animals include mice and rats, and endpoints include cytokine levels in blood, histopathological analysis, and immune cell profiling. 3. Ex Vivo Assays: These assays use primary cells or tissues extracted from animals or humans to study the inflammatory response to nanomaterials under more physiologically relevant conditions.
