hydration

What Techniques are Used to Study Hydration in Nanotechnology?

Several advanced techniques are employed to study hydration:
- X-ray Diffraction (XRD): Used to analyze the crystalline structure of hydrated nanomaterials.
- Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM): Helps in observing the hydration layers on the surface of nanoparticles.
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Provides insights into the dynamics of water molecules interacting with nanomaterials.
- Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS): Used for measuring the size and stability of nanoparticles in aqueous solutions.

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