Several techniques are employed in nanomanipulation, each with its own advantages and limitations:
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM): AFM is a powerful tool that uses a sharp tip to scan surfaces at the nanoscale. It can be used to manipulate atoms and molecules by applying precise forces. Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM): STM allows for the manipulation of individual atoms by using a sharp tip to induce tunneling currents. This technique is highly precise and can be used to create atomic-scale structures. Optical Tweezers: Optical tweezers use focused laser beams to trap and manipulate nanoparticles. This technique is particularly useful for biological applications where non-contact manipulation is required. Magnetic Tweezers: Magnetic tweezers utilize magnetic fields to manipulate magnetic nanoparticles. This method is often used in the study of biological molecules.
