What Techniques are Used for Nanoparticle Manipulation?
Several techniques are employed for manipulating nanoparticles, including:
Chemical Methods: Using chemical reactions to synthesize and modify nanoparticles. Physical Methods: Utilizing processes like laser ablation and mechanical milling to shape nanoparticles. Biological Methods: Employing biological molecules for biomimetic synthesis and functionalization. Top-Down Approaches: Techniques such as lithography and etching to create nanoscale structures from larger materials. Bottom-Up Approaches: Methods like self-assembly and chemical vapor deposition to build nanoparticles from atomic or molecular precursors.
