nanocircuit testing

What Techniques are Used for Nanocircuit Testing?

Several advanced techniques are employed to test nanocircuits effectively:
- Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM): SEM provides high-resolution images of nanocircuits, allowing for detailed inspection.
- Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM): AFM can measure the surface characteristics of nanocircuits at atomic resolution.
- Electrical Characterization: Techniques like Four-Point Probe and Hall Effect measurements help in assessing the electrical properties.
- Optical Methods: Techniques such as Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM) provide optical characterization at the nanoscale.
- Infrared Thermography: This method detects heat signatures to identify hotspots and thermal issues in nanocircuits.

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