Chemical reactions can be particularly detrimental during the synthesis and processing of nanomaterials. Reactions with ambient air, moisture, or other chemicals can lead to oxidation, corrosion, or contamination. For instance, the exposure of graphene to oxygen can result in the formation of graphene oxide, which has different electrical properties compared to pristine graphene. Similarly, contamination from precursor chemicals or solvents can introduce impurities that alter the desired properties of the nanomaterial.
