Coulomb interaction refers to the attractive or repulsive force between particles due to their electric charges. The strength of this force is described by Coulomb's law, which states that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Mathematically, it is expressed as: F = k * (|q1 * q2| / r^2) where F is the force, k is Coulomb's constant, q1 and q2 are the charges, and r is the distance between them.