Several factors can influence the optimal dose of nanomaterials, including:
Size: Smaller particles may have higher surface area-to-volume ratios, potentially increasing reactivity and bioavailability. Shape: Different shapes (e.g., spheres, rods, tubes) can interact differently with biological cells and tissues. Surface Chemistry: Functional groups on the nanoparticle surface can affect solubility, stability, and cellular uptake. Aggregation State: Nanoparticles can aggregate, affecting their effective surface area and interaction potential.
