Several factors can affect conductance quantization, including:
Temperature: Higher temperatures can smear the quantized steps due to increased electron-phonon interactions. Channel Length and Width: The dimensions of the conducting channel must be on the order of the electron's wavelength to observe quantization. Material Properties: Different materials can have varying electron scattering mechanisms that affect quantization. Disorder and Defects: Imperfections in the material can disrupt the quantized conductance steps.
