What are the Techniques Used for Material Analysis?
There are various techniques used in material analysis at the nanoscale:
1. Electron Microscopy: Methods like Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) are used to visualize the morphology and structure of nanomaterials. 2. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM): This technique provides topographical maps of surfaces at atomic resolution. 3. X-ray Diffraction (XRD): Used to determine the crystalline structure and phase composition of nanomaterials. 4. Spectroscopy: Techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-Visible spectroscopy are employed to analyze the chemical composition and optical properties. 5. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS): This method measures the size distribution of nanoparticles in suspension.
