While nanotechnology offers promising antimicrobial solutions, there are concerns regarding the safety and environmental impact of nanoparticles. Potential risks include: 1. Toxicity to Humans: The small size and high reactivity of nanoparticles may pose health risks if they are inhaled, ingested, or come into contact with skin. 2. Environmental Impact: Nanoparticles released into the environment could affect ecosystems and non-target organisms. 3. Resistance Development: Overuse of antimicrobial surfaces could lead to the development of resistant microbial strains, similar to antibiotic resistance.
