What are the Methods to Achieve Grain Boundary Pinning?
Several methods can be employed to achieve grain boundary pinning in nanomaterials:
Nanoparticle Dispersion: Dispersing nanoparticles within the material can effectively pin grain boundaries. Alloying: Adding alloying elements that form stable second-phase particles can obstruct grain boundary movement. Controlled Cooling: Adjusting the cooling rate to form fine precipitates can help in pinning grain boundaries.
