Several nanomaterials are being used to optimize PEMFCs, including:
1. Platinum Nanoparticles: Widely used as a catalyst in PEMFCs due to their excellent catalytic properties. 2. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs): Employed as support materials for catalysts to increase surface area and electrical conductivity. 3. Graphene: Known for its high conductivity, graphene is used to enhance the performance and durability of the fuel cells. 4. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Used to improve the proton conductivity and stability of the electrolyte membrane.
